Archive for January, 2012

WHMIS at home?

Why not?  Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System provides a system for the safe use and storage of chemicals.  This includes cleaners, solvents, fuels, compressed gases, insecticides and pesticides.  If it is a chemical, this system will help you use it safely.  While it is designed for use in workplaces, it doesn’t take any imagination to apply it at home or on the farm.

So, let’s start at the beginning.  What chemicals do you have?  Look in the garage, storage sheds, under the kitchen sink, in the bathroom and laundry room.  Do you have a hobby or work on crafts, look there too.  Write down the name, manufacturer and website of each and every chemical you have.  We’ll call this your chemical list.

Next, get access to a computer.  If you don’t have one, stop off at the library, they have one you can use for free.  Now, type in the website or manufacturer into the search area.  This should bring you to their website.  What you are looking for is Material Safety Data Sheets or MSDS’s.  This is the “sheet” that contains all the information you need to know about the chemical you have.  If it is your computer at home, make a file and store the MSDS’s there.  If not, have them printed and keep a file at home for reference later.  Make sure to get the right MSDS for the chemicals you have, match up the exact product name with the MSDS.  If you are having trouble finding one, most websites have a contact the company section.  Request the information from them and supply your mailing address.  They will send you the information you request.

Now that you have the information you need, it’s time to sit down and read it.  Don’t let the technical language on some throw you off.  If you look them up you get to know the “language” quickly and easily.  These sheets tell you how to use and store the chemical safely.  What chemicals it should never be mixed with, and if you do mix them, what to do.  One section is first aid information and what to do in an emergency involving the chemical.  Knowing what to do if someone is exposed to the chemical is important stuff to say the least.  A very important section of an MSDS is “Toxicology”.  This is the testing and information that must be provided if the product is poisonous.  Read this section carefully, this is where the technical language is commonly used.  If it is terategenic it has the ability to cause birth defects.  A carcinogen can cause cancer.  Mutagenic cause genetic mutation (mess up your DNA), this is bad for you and any future children as these genetic changes may be inherited from an effected parent.

Now you understand the chemicals you have, you may chose to remove some and replace them with less harmful ones.  Use the information on the MSDS’s to arrange your storage (keep incompatible ones apart) and use them appropriately.  About once per year you should “update” your chemical list and go through the process again to make sure new chemicals don’t end up under the sink without you knowing their hazards.

School Bus Safety

When is a child in the most danger, when they are on a bus or approach/leaving the bus?  You and I both know the answer to that one.  As drivers it is not only essential that we know the rules but follow them as well.

When backing onto the street or pulling out of parallel parking watch for the kids, they may not be paying attention either.

When driving in neighborhoods with schools, watch out for the kids darting across the road to avoid being late or to catch up with friends.

Slow down.  Watch for children playing and gathering at bus stops or walking on the street, especially if there are no sidewalks.

A few thoughts as you come up on the next school bus:

• If the lights are flashing, stop, the children are getting on or off the bus and may cross the road ahead of the bus (out of your immediate sight).
• If the bus is slowing down, do not race to pass it, children may be “racing” to the bus stop across the road.
• Don’t crowd buses, they need space to slow down, turn and stop.  Placing your headlights in their mirrors makes this and spotting the children much harder.

As the parents of children, there are some things we can teach our kids to help protect them around buses.

• Get the children to the bus stop at least five minutes before the bus is scheduled to arrive.
• When the bus pulls up have them stay at least three giant steps (6 feet) back from the curb.
• Tell your children to wait until the bus stops and the driver has the door open before they approach the bus.
• If children must cross the street in front of the bus, have them take five giant steps (10 feet) ahead of the bus before they cross.  This ensures the bus driver can see them and keep the stop lights on to warn oncoming traffic to stop.

With all the distractions of winter driving, decreased daylight and the “I’m running behind” syndrome pushing everybody these days, I’m finding more often being stuck behind a bus is a welcome break.  Instead of blowing past the bus at your first opportunity, sit back, unwind a little and enjoy.

Fire Hazards

Do products like adhesives, sealants and solvents present an increased fire hazard in the shop?  If so, what increases the risk of a fire?  If a fire occurred involving these materials, what would you use to put the fire out, water?

OOPS, that could be a big mistake.

We need to go back and read the Material Safety Data Sheet, section four for the specific product we are using.

There are three levels of fire hazard these products can present—none (my personal favorite), combustible or flammable.

No fire hazard means exactly that, the product will not burn.  This has little to no information in section four of an MSDS.

Combustible means the product will burn. Generally, it must receive heat to produce vapors that will burn.  The fire hazard of these products is seriously increased if excess oxygen is also present, they may also burn vigorously and be easier to light if the air has excess oxygen.

Flammable means the product can be easily ignited under normal conditions.  This hazard can become extreme in air that has an excess of oxygen.

Now, read the MSDS’s again.

Do adhesives, sealants and solvents present an elevated fire risk?  Most often the answer is yes.

If the surface of a floor, wall, cabinet top or frame is coated with a flammable solvent, adhesive or sealant the flames will “run”.  This causes a few problems:

1. The flames may spread very rapidly trapping you or running back to the open container and bursting into a much larger fire.

2. The fire may spread to an area that is not accessible and therefore you can’t get to it to put it out.

3. As you attack the fire with your hand held fire extinguisher you push the fire back.  To continue your attack you advance and that can be a fatal mistake.  While the fire extinguisher put the solvent, adhesive or sealant out the unburned portion of the fuel is still there.  As you advance you may be standing in a “pool” of fuel.

Murphy’s Law states—that is when your fire extinguisher will run out.

Never get so close to a fire that you are standing in the fuel.

How are the solvents, adhesives and sealants going to get lit?  The possibilities are many, for example:

Grinding—the metal filings are very hot and could easily ignite these flammable materials.  Watch where the equipment is throwing the sparks!

Electrical—even a small, quick ground out could cause the wire ends to melt, drop to the floor and ignite flammable materials on the floor or the cabinets.  Drills and circular saws have open motors, they commonly throw sparks when dust is present (like saw dust).

Welding & cutting – using this equipment the fire hazard is obvious, look around, not just at what you are doing, but what is being done around you.

This is why no job is done until the clean up is finished and the tools are put away.

Environmental Emergencies

Well, it’s out of the frying pan and into the freezer.  As I am writing this the temperature has definitely come down as summer comes to an end.  With winter on the way let’s look at how to make the winter months a little more pleasant.

How does the cold do us harm?  The organs inside our bodies (heart, lungs and brain among others) function best in a very narrow temperature range.  Our bodies maintain that temperature during normal conditions.  Hot tip, we do not live in a country human beings were designed to function in without thinking ahead!  During travel our vehicles may leave us stranded, our homes may lose heating or for a variety of reasons we may chose to venture out in the winter months.  This leaves us literally, out in the cold.  In the cold our bodies loose heat to the environment, if it is lost faster than it is replaced, we can suffer cold injuries.  These range from frost nip and frostbite to hypothermia.

Frost nip occurs when part of the body is exposed to cold and looses heat.  The surface skin is cooled and may feel “stiff” and appear pale.  A good example is your ears or fingers, they feel stiff and cold, so you go inside to warm up.  As you warm up they feel like someone is stabbing them with needles, ouch, that hurts.  Only the surface layers are involved and while cold, they are not frozen through.

Frostbite occurs when the skin and underlying tissues are frozen.  The feet, hands, nose, cheeks and ears are commonly at risk.  This is much more serious than frost nip as the tissue that has been frozen may need to be amputated if the damage is severe.  Obviously, frostbite can cause disability and loss of quality of life.

Hypothermia is caused by the internal “core body” temperature dropping below normal.  Even a small decrease in internal temperature is dangerous.  As the blood cools and is pumped to the brain, heart and lungs they do not function normally.  The heart is at risk of stopping, the lungs do not transfer oxygen to your blood as effectively and your brain doesn’t make the same good decisions you would normally.  This is not the time to be relying on your body or brain to perform well.  You need to think out how to prevent these injuries and what to do if you see signs they are occurring before they happen.

Frost nip is an indicator that you are at risk of frostbite.  Deal with it now, before it progresses.  Get out of the cold, warm up and drink something warm to help “boost” your internal temperature.  Do not go back outside until the effected  part or parts are warmed again.

If you start to shiver and you find your mind wandering from what you are doing, evaluate your environment and body temperature.  If you are not 100 % good to go, get out of the cold and warm up.  Remember, hypothermia changes the way you think, protect yourself before it’s the last thought on your mind.  If you are stuck outside: get out of the wind, get wet clothes off and replace them with dry ones, light a fire or warm up using heaters, get active (use your muscles to generate heat and do not just lay down).  Avoid exercising to the point you sweat, if your internal clothes are damp you will loose heat again.

Plan for it and the winter can be a fun time to be out.  Watch for the signs in yourself and others, if you see the signs act on them and make sure it’s a short time out instead of a preventable tragedy.

Accidents don’t “just happen”, they are caused.

Have you ever watched someone working and cringed because you just know it’s going to happen, it’s just a matter of time.  You just identified some of the causes of “accidents”.   Did you do something about it?  If not we just identified another.

In industry we have all but eliminated the use of the word “accident”.  They are now referred to as incidents, why the change in names?  Change a word and change the attitude!  Incidents occur because the causes for them were not identified, controlled and/or ignored.  An incident occurs when one or more causes get together, under the right circumstances and voila, an incident.  So, how do you lessen the chances for incidents in your life?  Well, the good news is it is fairly simple, follow a system to identify what could cause an incident then eliminate or control the cause.  If the causes of incidents are controlled or removed, they can not occur.

Let’s look at a simple five step system for identifying and eliminating causes.

Step 1 – Look around and think about what could happen.  Think about the environment, tools, weather, and tasks to be done and how you will do them.  Then think about what could go wrong.

Step 2 – Figure out how you could prevent what you have identified from going wrong.  Keep it simple, simple solutions are generally the best.

Step 3 – Put you solutions into action.  This controls the causes you identified from contributing to an incident.

Step 4 – Go to work, but while you are working think about what you are doing, if you see a new problem stop working and start at step one again.

Step 5 – While you are working continuously watch out for new problems, if any arise, go back to step one.

What if you can’t think of a way to control a cause you have identified?  You have many resources that you can make use of like: friends, contractors, local business people, the internet, OH&S, WCB, safety professionals and industry trade organizations.  If you are willing to take a little time, there are not many problems that can not be solved.  If you encounter one, you may consider hiring the job out to professionals that have specific training, equipment and experience to help them cope with the problem you have identified.

The whole point of identifying the causes of incidents is to prevent them from hurting people.  With the problems identified we need to take the steps to do this.  If not, it’s people that pay the price.